Journal: Science Advances
Article Title: The magmatic origin of the Columbia River Gorge, USA
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adj3357
Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Structural setting, showing GNSS velocities with respect to stable North American reference frame (black arrows), Yakima Folds (orange lines), the modern and paleo Bridal Veil (BV) Columbia River channels (blue and pink lines), and extent of the Cascades arc (red dash lines). HRFZ, Hood River Fault Zone. ( B ) BV hyaloclastite deposits and best-fitting knickpoint locations in Columbia River tributaries. Maximum topographic elevations within 10 km south of the Columbia River (black line) with prominent faults (dashed lines) . ( C ) Southward orthoview of fluvial catchments, hyaloclastite deposits, and major faults. ( D ) Southward orthoview of Oneonta Creek showing the trunk stream knickpoint used in this study (large blue square), and waterfalls associated with layered basalt stratigraphy (black stars). ( E ) Regional map of the Columbia River drainage network, showing the Euler pole for Cascadia forearc block relative to North America . Orange lines are compressional structures while yellow lines mark arc-marginal normal faults. ( F ) Longitudinal profile using area-normalized upstream distance χ( x ) for Oneonta Creek with best fitting slope-break knickpoint (section S2).
Article Snippet: Fluvial channels and catchments are extracted from raw topographic data in MATLAB ( ).
Techniques: Blocking Assay